3. Raised blood pressure impact
One of the most common cardiovascular effects of NSAIDs in older adults is an increase in blood pressure. On average, NSAID use can raise systolic blood pressure by 3 to 6 mmHg, which may seem modest but is clinically significant for seniors.
For many older patients whose hypertension is otherwise controlled, this increase can push them into the “uncontrolled” category, raising the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney damage. The elevated blood pressure results from NSAIDs causing vasoconstriction and fluid retention.
- Even a small increase in blood pressure significantly raises cardiovascular risk over time.
- NSAID-induced hypertension is dose-dependent and reversible upon discontinuation.
- Blood pressure should be checked regularly during NSAID use, especially for seniors with hypertension or kidney issues.
If blood pressure rises during NSAID therapy, patients should discuss alternative pain management strategies with their healthcare provider.
4. Risk of atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a common arrhythmia where the heart’s upper chambers beat irregularly, increasing stroke and heart failure risk. NSAIDs have been linked to a higher incidence of AFib in older adults.
The underlying cause appears related to NSAID-induced changes in fluid balance and blood pressure, as well as direct effects on cardiac electrical activity. Seniors with pre-existing heart conditions are particularly vulnerable.
- Symptoms of AFib include palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
- Untreated AFib significantly raises the risk of stroke and requires medical management.
- Regular ECG monitoring may be warranted for seniors on chronic NSAID therapy who develop symptoms.
Early detection and treatment of AFib can prevent serious complications, so any new or unusual heart symptoms should prompt a doctor’s visit.
