3. Swelling in Feet or Hands
Edema in the extremities is a classic symptom of kidney dysfunction. When kidneys fail to filter and excrete excess fluid, it accumulates and causes swelling, especially in the feet, ankles, and hands. This can manifest as tight rings or shoes, and skin may appear stretched or shiny.
Unlike swelling caused by standing for long periods or salty meals, kidney-related edema is persistent and often worsens throughout the day. It may also be accompanied by other signs such as high blood pressure or foamy urine.
If your child experiences unexplained swelling, a medical evaluation including blood pressure measurement and urine analysis is essential to rule out kidney disease.
4. Persistent Foamy Urine
Foamy or bubbly urine that doesn’t clear quickly can indicate proteinuria—protein leaking into urine due to damaged kidney filters. This is one of the earliest detectable signs of kidney impairment and warrants prompt investigation.
While occasional foaminess after vigorous urination is normal, persistent or increasing foam suggests an abnormal loss of albumin or other proteins. Early detection through a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) test can prevent progression to more severe kidney damage.
5. Cloudy or Dark Urine
Normal urine is typically pale yellow and clear. Persistent changes to a cloudy, dark amber, or tea-colored appearance may signal kidney stress or infection. Dark urine can result from concentrated waste products due to impaired filtering, while cloudiness may indicate the presence of white blood cells, bacteria, or crystals.
Parents should observe if these changes are accompanied by other symptoms such as pain, fever, or changes in frequency, and seek medical assessment promptly.
